Fiber optics is a technology that uses thin strands of glass or plastic to transmit data in the form of light signals over long distances. These strands, known as optical fibers, are able to carry large amounts of data at incredibly fast speeds due to the fact that light travels faster than electricity. Fiber optics have revolutionized communication networks, as they provide higher bandwidth, faster data speeds, and more secure data transmission compared to traditional copper wiring. They are commonly used in telecommunications, internet connections, cable television, and other data transmission systems. Research in the field of fiber optics focuses on improving the efficiency, speed, and reliability of optical communication systems. This includes developing better materials for optical fibers, designing more advanced signal processing techniques, and creating new ways to increase data transmission capacity. Overall, the goal of fiber optic research is to advance the capabilities of optical communication technology for various applications in our increasingly connected world.